Hallucinogenic plants have been part of the human experience for thousands of years, with users aware of their potential for healing, transformation, and growth – as well as their dangers – since as far back as prehistory. Now that public attention has been captured by these extraordinary plants, it is more important than ever to understand the history, pharmacology, and therapeutic potential of psilocybin and other psychedelics.
Lead Compound | Initial Indication |
Preclinical Phase 1 Phase 2 Phase 3 | Affiliate Company 1 | |
---|---|---|---|---|
PCN-101 / |
Treatment-Resistant Depression | Perception Neuroscience | ||
RL-007 / |
Cognitive Impairment Associated With Schizophrenia | Recognify Life Sciences | ||
DMX-1002 / |
Opioid Use Disorder | DemeRx IB | ||
GRX-917 / |
Generalized Anxiety Disorder | GABA Therapeutics | ||
NN-101 / |
Mild Traumatic Brain Injury | Neuronasal | ||
KUR-101 / |
Opioid Use Disorder | Kures | ||
EMP-01 / |
Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder | EmpathBio | ||
RLS-01 / |
Treatment-Resistant Depression | Revixia Life Sciences | ||
VLS-01 / |
Treatment-Resistant Depression | Viridia Life Sciences | ||
Undisclosed |
Treatment-Resistant Depression | PsyProtix | ||
Discovery engines |
Multiple lead indications | Multiple affiliate companies | ||
STRATEGIC INVESTMENTS | ||||
Developing COMP360 therapy, with psychological support from specially trained therapists, for treatment-resistant depression. Positive Phase 2b topline data released on 11/09/21. | ||||
Developing DMX-1001, a formulation of noribogaine, as a potential at-home maintenance therapy for OUD. Preclinical stage. | ||||
Note: DMT = N,N-dimethyltryptamine; MDMA = 3,4-Methylenedioxymethamphetamine.
1. Perception, Recognify, DemeRx IB and Neuronasal are all variable interest entities; GABA is a non-consolidated VIE with operational involvement through MSA model, including Srinivas Rao serving as CMO; EmpathBio, Revixia and Viridia are wholly-owned subsidiaries; COMPASS Pathways and DemeRx NB are non-controlling equity interests.
2. RL-007 compound is (2R, 3S)-2-amino-3-hydroxy-3-pyridin-4-yl-1-pyrrolidin-1-yl-propan-1-one(L)-(+) tartrate salts
Including EntheogeniX, TryptageniX, Invyxis.
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Our Compounds
Arketamine and esketamine are the R(-) and S(+) enantiomers of ketamine, a compound that has been used for everything from anesthesia and sedation to chronic pain and depression. Recently, esketamine as a nasal spray (Spravato™) made history as the first psychedelic-type substance approved by the U.S Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for treatment resistant depression.

Between 1991 and 2011, against the backdrop of a PR campaign aimed at convincing consumers that opioids were both safe and non-addictive, the U.S. saw a threefold spike in annual opioid prescription rates (from 76 to 219 million). Before long, misuse and addiction had exploded: In 2020, 3 million people in the U.S. have had or currently live with an OUD. The COVID-19 pandemic only deepened the opioid epidemic; overall drug overdoses shot up 30% in a year to 93,000, of which close to 75% involved opioids.

While psychedelics are an important component of the dawning mental healthcare revolution, it is critical to recognize that a comprehensive response to the global mental health crisis ought to be as diverse as possible. To this end, GABA Therapeutics is pursuing a natural approach based on the brain’s ability to correct imbalances that underlie many CNS disorders.

While psychedelics are an important component of the dawning mental healthcare revolution, non-psychedelics will also play key roles in both treatment and prevention of new cases. To this end, Neuronasal, Inc. is developing well-known and FDA-approved OTC compound N acetylcysteine (NAC) as a promising treatment for mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI) using intranasal administration for direct nose-to-brain delivery.

Even among psychedelics, DMT is extraordinary. Sometimes called the “spirit molecule”, this endogenous psychoactive compound occurs naturally in many plants and animals, and has been implicated in everything from dreaming to religious experiences. However, unlike most psychedelics, for example psilocybin, DMT exhibits extremely rapid onset and short duration of action.

Commonly known as ‘ecstasy’, one compound is seeing a resurgence not on the dancefloors, but rather in the clinics of researchers who have identified its value in treating a number of psychiatric disorders. With a Phase III trial now complete, many anticipate MDMA to be the first psychedelic-like drug to be approved by the FDA for the treatment of PTSD.

Despite limited scientific information, the DEA announced their intention to classify kratom, Mitragynine and 7-hydroxymitragynine as Schedule I on the Controlled Substance Act in 2016. Shortly after, a major push-back consisting of 23,000 written pleas from the general public, legislators and scientific community members challenged the DEA’s decision. For the first time in history, the DEA withdrew their intention to schedule a substance.

Salvinorin A is derived from the Mexican Lamiacae Salvia Divinorum, a member of the mint family. The plant has been an important part of ceremony and traditional healing for the Mazatec people of southern Mexico for centuries. Pharmacological study into the active ingredient didn’t take off until 1980s and 1990s, and the atypical mechanism of action is still not fully understood. But as the mysteries of this plant are revealed in the lab, data indicate promise for a variety of indications.

Our Technologies
Introspect believes that high-quality digital combination therapies will increase the safety and effectiveness of many mental health drugs. Digital therapeutics (DTx) will provide personalized and scalable treatment to those who might not otherwise be able to access high-quality psychological care.

Psilocybin, ibogaine, and many other psychedelic substances have yielded remarkable early signals of their efficacy in treating everything from depression to various forms of addiction. And while Dr. Srinivas Rao, Chief Executive Officer of EntheogeniX Biosciences, shares the cautious optimism of many researchers, he’s careful to point out that these and other substances come with two significant obstacles…

InnarisBio specialized in drug formulation bringing its sol-gel based, intranasal excipient technology to atai. The novel technology may enable new drug formulations with unique and optimized modes of delivery across various active ingredients in the atai pipeline, as well as potential assets in the future.

PsyProtix is taking a precision psychiatry approach to develop metabolomics-based biomarkers to stratify patients with treatment-resistant depression (TRD) and other mental health indications. By identifying patient subsets with unique metabolic profiles, PsyProtix will test mechanism-based treatments with the goal of improving overall outcomes.
